Israel issued urgent evacuation warnings to residents of Arab Salim and Deir al-Zahrani in southern Lebanon before carrying out airstrikes that the Lebanese Health Ministry said killed at least seven people and wounded more than twenty [4][5][13]; earlier reports had put the death toll at four to five [6][9][39]. The Israeli military's Arabic-language spokesperson, Ella Waweya, published maps marking buildings in red and ordered residents to move at least 300 meters away, accusing Hezbollah of a "flagrant violation" of the ceasefire after launching explosive drones toward IDF soldiers in the self-declared security zone [3][11][28]. The IDF stated that one drone was shot down, no soldiers were injured, and that forces would continue operating in the security zone to remove threats to Israeli civilians and soldiers [1][23][27]. Israel described the targets as weapons storage facilities, what it called terrorist structures, and a command center inside a building previously used as a hospital [5][6][34].

Lebanese President Joseph Aoun called the strikes "a dangerous escalation reaching Lebanese state institutions" and urged the United States and the international community to "urgently act to stop these violations" [5][6][13]. The Lebanese Health Ministry reported that the strikes totally destroyed the out-of-service Ghandour hospital in Nabatieh al-Fawqa and described the hospital strike as "another grave violation of international humanitarian law" [5][6][13]. Nabatieh mayor Abbas Fakhreddine said "the Lebanese government must take action and at the least defend its institutions," noting that official buildings had been damaged by strikes for the second time [5][13]. The Health Ministry's cumulative figures record 8,920 people killed in Israeli attacks on Lebanon since October 2023, including 4,358 deaths since March 2, and 179 attacks on ambulance crews that killed 135 healthcare workers [19]. An Israeli airstrike also killed paramedic Ali Shahrour and wounded two others when it hit an ambulance in Kfar Rumman, according to Lebanon-based Al Mayadeen television [21].

The viability of the June 26 US-brokered ceasefire framework divided the parties along a structural fault line. Hezbollah leader Naim Qassem declared the framework "null and void" and demanded that Israel first end its occupation [19]. Hezbollah's parliamentary allies criticized the Lebanese government's negotiating approach, with MP Hassan Ezzedine saying the political authority had led the country into crisis through "wrong choices" and that relying on US political support was an illusion [32]. The group accused the Lebanese government of bearing responsibility for continued Israeli aggression through its "capitulation" approach, saying the negotiating path gave Israel cover for its attacks [32]. Iran's Quds Force commander Ismail Qaani declared that the resistance and Hezbollah would bring about Israel's removal from the region, describing Hezbollah as an entrenched reality in Lebanon and saying Israel stood "على أعتاب الانهيار" (on the threshold of collapse) [20].

International organizations and the Lebanese Army's field command urged a political and diplomatic path. UNIFIL spokesperson Kandice Ardiel stated "it's in no one's interest to continue on a military path" and urged all parties to comply with Security Council Resolution 1701 [38]. The WHO Representative in Lebanon, Ahmed Zouiten, warned that attacks on healthcare were extremely concerning and that medical facilities, teams, and patients must be protected [34]. Arab League Secretary-General Nabil Fahmy condemned the Israeli attacks and called on Israel to commit fully to Resolution 1701 [34]. Lebanese Army Colonel Raja Amer, Assistant Commander of the South Litani Sector, stated that forces operate in a difficult security environment, require more capabilities, and need the other side's reciprocal commitment to the agreement [35]. UN Secretary-General António Guterres outlined options for implementing Resolution 1701 if UNIFIL departs, warning of the risk of a security vacuum [38].

The strikes occurred alongside a separate dispute over Gaza displacement proposals. Israeli Defense Minister Israel Katz said Israel was prepared to make Gaza's Palestinian population leave "par toutes les voies possibles" (by all possible routes) — by sea or by air — should the United States give its green light [29]. National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir laid out plans for 250,000 Palestinians to leave Gaza in the first year and the remaining roughly two million over the following six years [7][8]. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu rejected the US peace plan and demanded that Hamas be disarmed and all weapons in Gaza destroyed before an Israeli withdrawal [8]. US Ambassador Mike Huckabee responded: "I can tell you categorically there is no plan of the Israelis to displace people out of Gaza against their will" [7][29]. Eight Muslim and Arab states — Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Jordan, the UAE, Qatar, Pakistan, Indonesia, and Turkey — jointly condemned the displacement proposals as forced expulsion contradicting international law and warned they would jeopardize the US peace plan [8][29]. German Development Minister Reem Alabali-Radovan called the plan unacceptable, stating "Wer davon redet, Menschen gegen ihren Willen umzusiedeln, spricht in Wahrheit von Vertreibung" (Whoever talks about resettling people against their will is in truth speaking of expulsion) [8].

Displaced residents of southern Lebanon described the cost of a war they said they did not choose. Ronny, a displaced resident of Rmeish, said "المدنيون لا علاقة لهم بهذا.. لماذا يحرمون من منازلهم؟ هذا الدمار عار... ولماذا؟ من أجل الحرب؟ لا نريد حربًا!" (Civilians have no relation to this... why are they deprived of their homes? This destruction is shameful... and why? For war? We don't want war!) [35]. Yorgos Metri, a resident of Ain Ebel, criticized the Lebanese government as weak and ineffective while also blaming Hezbollah for the war [35]. UNHCR reported that 360,000 people remained displaced in August, including at least 22,000 in collective shelters [19], and the International Organization for Migration reported more than 300,000 forcibly displaced [9].

Israel's military operations in southern Lebanon continued alongside preparations for further action. Israeli public broadcaster KAN reported that Israel is preparing to blow up two underground routes beneath the Ali al-Taher Heights and intends to block displaced residents from returning to areas its forces may leave, before beginning a phased withdrawal toward a "gray line" 2 to 4 kilometers from the border with around 20 permanent military positions [26]. Defense Minister Israel Katz announced the "conquest" of the strategic Ali Taher ridge, which Israel said housed a Hezbollah underground command center and weapons depots [27]. Hezbollah has not commented on Israel's claim of capturing the ridge [22], and Chinese state media cited Hezbollah's denial of Israeli control over the Ali al-Taher hill [39]. The US State Department had earlier commended Israel's release of Lebanese prisoners as a result of US-led mediation and called for expanded negotiations [31].