Iranian Supreme Leader Mojtaba Khamenei has granted Iran's government authority to negotiate with the United States, President Masoud Pezeshkian announced, without specifying the scope of the powers granted [23]. The announcement came as US forces struck Iran's Qeshm Island in the Strait of Hormuz — the latest in a series of limited, unannounced attacks — and indirect negotiations through Qatari and Pakistani mediators continued against falling oil prices and approaching US midterm elections [1][3][8].

Pezeshkian said Iran was "trying to solve the problem through dialogue" («Ми намагаємося вирішити проблему шляхом діалогу») [23]. Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi described "very intensive" consultations through Qatari and Pakistani channels, saying Tehran had presented a clear plan and specific conditions and that the next step was Washington's [6][32]. Iran's seven-point plan, prepared in September, includes restoring shipping in the Strait of Hormuz and ending the US naval blockade, and Tehran has offered to reopen the strait within two days if Washington lifts the blockade, releases frozen assets, eases sanctions and reduces US forces in the region [23][11][8]. Araghchi set an explicit sequence: IAEA cooperation and nuclear negotiations can only be discussed after Iran's Hormuz conditions are accepted [49].

President Donald Trump wrote on Truth Social that a deal "could happen" and that Iran wanted a settlement as soon as possible, pointing to oil prices plunging nearly $10 a barrel as evidence [28][18]. He told Axios there was "no rush" because US pressure had "crippled them financially," leaving Iran with no money and no gasoline [5][6]. Vice President JD Vance said Washington had "certainly made some progress" in the indirect talks [3][8]. US officials described the Qeshm Island strike as a limited defensive measure aimed at preventing Iran from attacking commercial shipping, part of a weeks-long campaign of small-scale operations, and said it was carried out in response to the IRGC firing on a US aircraft [1][27][6].

Iranian officials presented a different reading of the diplomatic opening. Foreign Ministry spokesman Esmaeil Baqaei said the "ball is in the US court" («м'яч на боці США») and that Iran's readiness to implement its Hormuz plan within two days demonstrated good faith [27][8]. First Vice President Mohammad Reza Aref said messages received from the United States amounted to "an acknowledgement of our victory," asserting that the enemy had failed to achieve any of its objectives [8][13]. Mohsen Rezaei, Iran's security chief, disclosed receiving a letter from Vance seeking to revive talks, noted a positive change in tone, but had not yet responded [10][34].

Military operations continued alongside the diplomatic track. Iranian state media reported five explosions on Qeshm Island and said the IRGC captured two US reconnaissance drones and destroyed another [21][25]. Iran's Health Minister Mohammad-Reza Zafarqandi announced that 18 people were killed and 108 wounded in overnight US strikes across several provinces [43]. The IRGC opened a new military training centre for civilians at Tajrish Square in Tehran, part of a series of such centres across the capital [2].

Iranian military officials and other voices warned of retaliation with no geographical limits. IRGC spokesman Hossein Mohebbi said the Guards were "100 percent ready" and that "in a conflict with America, there are no geographical limitations" [30][34]. Army spokesman Mohammad Akraminia said a renewed war could last longer than previous conflicts and that the American president would not dictate its timing [34]. Former IRGC commander Hossein Kanani Moghaddam said Iran's missile range, accuracy, and drone capabilities had improved and that Iran could "easily target supertankers" [30]. Iran's parliament is discussing legislation to withdraw from the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, and a Tehran Friday prayer leader said 70 percent of Iranians want an atomic weapon [22]. Rezaei stated that "not a single particle of Iran's enriched uranium will leave the country" (ایران سے افزودہ یورینیم کا ایک ذرہ بھی باہر نہیں جائے گا) [38].

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu called Trump on 31 October and demanded the US resume strikes on Iran after the midterm elections, according to Axios [19][34]. The Israeli military had planned a multi-day bombing campaign for 10 October, the Financial Times reported [19]. Tucker Carlson said the Trump administration could decide on a nuclear strike against Iran's Pickaxe Mountain site by 7 November [15]. Trump told Fox News the US "might need to go after Pickaxe" and could do so "in one hour" [6]. Analyst Danny Citrinowicz said Netanyahu was doing everything he could to convince Trump to launch a new attack on Iran regardless of the failure of previous campaigns [22].

Gulf, Asian, and Russian actors called for diplomatic resolution. UAE envoy Anwar Gargash said the region was "braced for the worst" while hoping for a breakthrough [14][34]. China's Wang Yi told Iranian officials that Beijing supported Tehran in safeguarding its sovereignty, and President Xi Jinping discussed the war with Oman's Sultan Haitham bin Tariq in Beijing [8][13]. Russian Foreign Ministry spokesperson Maria Zakharova said signals of planned new force actions against Iran were alarming [42]. Iraqi parliamentarians and armed factions warned that use of Iraqi territory to attack Iran would draw retaliation and expose Iraq's bases and infrastructure [31].

Asian energy importers treated the crisis as a logistics and cost problem. China's oil industry described falling imports as deliberate demand management, with diversified pipelines and strategic stocks absorbing the disruption [44]. Japan's cabinet-approved energy white paper stated that Middle East turmoil had again exposed the country's structural vulnerability [46]. India's Petroleum Ministry quantified daily losses to state oil companies at about 1,000 crore rupees before retail price increases [45]. Maritime trade publication Lloyd's List reported that underwriters were holding war-risk premiums until there was "solid evidence" the strait stays open [40].

US analysts and lawmakers said escalatory pressures outweighed the diplomatic opening. Professor Babak Rezaeedaryakenari of Leiden University said a Republican midterm defeat would not necessarily stop new attacks given presidential authority in foreign policy [9]. Democratic Senator Chris Murphy described reported US-Israeli attack plans as "insane" [10]. The Senate defeated an Iran war powers resolution 49-50 six weeks before the midterms, with four Republicans breaking with Trump [41]. Analyst Omid Memarian argued that talks were stuck over whether concessions come before nuclear negotiations [9].

Tehran health inspector Mohadese said "the news coming in is truly worrying" but "there is nothing I can actually do about it" [34]. Vendor Ebrahim said he did not fear another war because "we have been at war for 48 years now" [34].

The negotiations' outcome hinges on a sequencing dispute: Washington wants the nuclear file addressed from the outset, while Tehran insists sanctions relief and blockade lifting must come first [11][49]. Trump said he would not order strikes before the 3 November midterms but kept military options open [23]. Araghchi said Iran remained prepared for both diplomacy and military scenarios [32].